What is the difference between Scrum and Agile methodologies?

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The roles of a Scrum Master and a Project Manager are different in terms of their focus, responsibilities, and how they operate within a team or organization. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences. 

The core difference is that Agile is a philosophy or a mindset, while Scrum is a specific framework for implementing Agile.

Think of it this way: Agile is the "what" and the "why," while Scrum is the "how."

Agile: The Philosophy

Agile is a set of values and principles outlined in the Agile Manifesto. It's a broad approach to project management that prioritizes:

• Individuals and interactions over processes and tools.

• Working software over comprehensive documentation.

• Customer collaboration over contract negotiation.

• Responding to change over following a plan.

Agile is about being flexible, collaborative, and customer-focused. It's not a rigid set of rules, but rather a guiding philosophy for how to manage projects in a fast-changing environment. Other frameworks like Kanban and Extreme Programming (XP) also fall under the Agile umbrella.

Scrum: The Framework

Scrum is a concrete, lightweight framework designed to put the Agile philosophy into practice. It provides a specific, structured process for teams to follow.

Key components of Scrum include:

• Defined Roles: A Scrum team consists of a Product Owner, a Scrum Master, and the Development Team.

• Time-boxed Events: Work is done in short, fixed-length cycles called Sprints (usually 1-4 weeks). Other events include the Daily Standup, Sprint Planning, Sprint Review, and Sprint Retrospective.

• Specific Artifacts: The work is managed using tools like the Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and Increment.

In short, a team can be Agile without using Scrum, but if a team is using Scrum correctly, it is being Agile. Scrum provides the specific rules, roles, and events that help a team embody the core values and principles of Agile development.

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